Which statement about DISH is true?

Which statement about DISH is true?

• A. DISH is associated with obesity and glucose intolerance.
• B. DISH has no metabolic associations.
• C. OPLL is a variant of DISH along with OALL.
• D. OALL is not related to bone formation.

Answer: (A)

DISH is commonly linked with metabolic syndrome, especially obesity and glucose intolerance. This metabolic connection helps explain why obesity and impaired glucose tolerance are considered associations with DISH, reflecting underlying insulin resistance and higher risk of type 2 diabetes in affected individuals. It isn’t accurate to say there are no metabolic associations. OPLL is a separate ossification disorder of the posterior longitudinal ligament and is not simply a variant of DISH (though they can occur concurrently). Ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament is itself a bone-formation process, so stating that it isn’t related to bone formation is incorrect.

DISH is commonly linked with metabolic syndrome, especially obesity and glucose intolerance. This metabolic connection helps explain why obesity and impaired glucose tolerance are considered associations with DISH, reflecting underlying insulin resistance and higher risk of type 2 diabetes in affected individuals. It isn’t accurate to say there are no metabolic associations. OPLL is a separate ossification disorder of the posterior longitudinal ligament and is not simply a variant of DISH (though they can occur concurrently). Ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament is itself a bone-formation process, so stating that it isn’t related to bone formation is incorrect.